job center and cover letter

Can I ask about job offers here?

What kind of job are you looking for?

What are the requirements?

What would I have to do? - Co musiałbym robić?
How much do they offer?
Do they provide trainig? - Czy oferują szkolenia?

Does the job involve frequent travel?  - Czy ta praca wymaga częstych podróży?

Is this a permanent or temporary job?  - Czy to jest praca stała czy tymczasowa?

requirements - wymagania
telephone skills - umiejętność prowadzenia rozmów tel.
own initiative - własne inicjatywa
good command  of spoken and written English - dobra znajomość angielskiego w mowie i piśmie
computer literacy - znajomość obsługi komputera
essential - niezbędny
demanding - wymagające
filling - segregowanie
fixed working hours - stałe godziny pracy
flexitime - nienormowany czas pracy
pension programme - program emerytalny
piece work - praca na akord
wage - wynagrodzenie
work pattern - system pracy


I am writing to apply for the position of  .... - Piszę, aby zgłosić swoją kandydaturnę na stanowisko
I am writing in reference to your advertisement in .... - Piszę w związku z ogłoszeniem w ...

I have been interested in ... for many years. - Interesuję się ... od wielu lat.
Your advertisement was of particular interest to me because ... - Państwa ogłoszenie zainteresowało mnie szczególnie, ponieważ ...

I have received training / completed a course in ... - Ukończyłem ostatnio szkolenie/kurs ...
My last job was for ..., which is ... - Ostatnio pracowałem dla ..., która jest firmą ...
I worked there for ... years as ... and my duties involved ... - Pracowałem tam .. lat, jako  ..., a do moich obowiązków należało ...

I feel I have a range of relevant skills that I can bring to your company. - Uważam, że posiadam odpowiednie kwalifikacje, które będą przydatne w Państwa firmie.

As you can see from my CV, I can offer a considerable amount of relevant experience, including ... - Jak widać w moim CV, posiadam duże doświadczenie, między innymi w ...

In addition to ..., I can also ..., which enables me to ... . - Oprócz ..., potrafię również ..., co pozwala mi na ....

I am available for interview at any time. - Jestem gotowy na rozmowę kwalifikacyjną w dowolnej chwili.
I would appreciate the opportunity to meet with you to discuss my application in greater detail. - Będę wdzięczny za możliwość spotkania, aby porozmawiać o szczegółach.

People Who Are Bilingual Are Smart, Creative And Better Lovers

If you thought accents were sexy, imagine how absolutely mind-blowing it would be to have the person of your dreams tell you those three magic words in more than one tongue.
There’s just something about people expressing their thoughts in multiple languages that is so appealing.
It might be that they’re more in tune with their own thoughts and emotions.
Or, perhaps they’re just better communicators in general.
A growing body of research indicates that people who learn to speak more than one language throughout their lives have essentially trained their brains to be stronger muscles, making them smarter, more creative and more responsive to their own feelings and emotions.
But, after studying both Spanish and Mandarin Chinese for a few years each, I think there is something deeper to speaking more than one language than meets the eye or brain. It’s something in the heart, in the soul.

History of Advertising - The Pros and Cons of Advertising

History of Advertising

It is difficult to imagine how advertising worked before television, the radio and the Internet, but, in fact, advertising goes back to ancient Greece where people wrote " For Sale" on the sides of their houses if they wanted to move. In the Middle Ages merchants hung wooden signs in front of their stores to show people what they were selling.
The invention of the printing press in the 1440s had a big effect on advertising. Flyers and posters could be made very cheaply and by 1600 newspaper ads were common.
After the Civil War advertising agencies became popular in America. First they only sold space in newspapers and magazines but later on they also wrote and produced their own ads.
The invention of the radio in the 1920s and television in the 1940s revolutionized advertising. Companies could now inform millions of people about their products over the airwaves. More recently the Internet and e-mail have led to the development of new advertising strategies.

Market Myths and Polish Realities

An interview with Jan Olszewski
 Jan Olszewski gained his reputation in Poland as a human rights lawyer, having defended political dissidents since the 1960s. He was a top adviser to Lech Walesa and the Solidarity trade union movement in the 1980s. Olszewski was Poland's third prime minister after the collapse of the Communist government in 1989. He held the position from December 1991 to May 1992. In Poland's September 1993 elections, Olszewski's political alliance, The Movement for the Republic did not receive the 5 percent threshold vote needed for representation in the Polish Parliament.

word order - adverbs with the verb

Subject + verb + place + time

Toms walks to work every morning.

- some adverbs (for example: always, also, probably, hardly ever) go with the verb in the middle of a sentence:
 Tom always goes to work by car.
I always have to phone him. 

- Adverbs go AFTER am/is/are/was/were:
 The traffic isn't usually as bad as it was this morning.

- if the verb is two or more words (can remember/doesn't smoke/ has been stolen etc.) the adverb goes AFTER THE FIRST VERB
I can never remember his name.

- PROBABLY goes BEFORE NEGATIVE
I probably won't see you.
I will probably not see you.

- we also use ALL and BOTH in these positions:
We all felt ill after the meal.
My parters are both teachers.
Sarah and Jane have both applied for the job.
We are all going out this evening. 

What Does Cost Effective Mean When It Comes to Health Insurance?

Cost-effective health insurance usually means insurance that is cheaper to maintain than the cost of medical bills, but for businesses and employers, it has a slightly different meaning. Insurance for employers is cost effective when the employer gets more out of the program than it puts in and finds that the health insurance program does not interfere with its ability to cover other business-related costs.

A view to a sell: will Spectre’s brands get the traditional Bond boost?

Product placement in 007 films is nothing new, but it’s not always the big deals, such as Heineken’s in Skyfall and now Belvedere vodka for Spectre, that pay the biggest dividends

 

Preposition + - ing

If a preposition:
- in
- for
- about
- at
- on
- with
- of
- for
- instead of
- in spite of
etc.
is followed by a verb, the verb ends in -ing.

I'm not very good at learning languages.
Are you looking forward to seeing Ann again?

before -ing and after -ing

Before going out, I phoned Sarah.
What did you do after leaving school?

(Before I went out ... and ... after you left school)

by - ing
She made herself ill by not eatng propely.

without -ing
I ran ten kilometres without stopping

make vs. do

MAKE:
- a suggestion
- a point
- a reservation
- an appointment
- a mistake
- a profit
- a note
- of something
- arrangements
- progress
- sure/certain

DO:
- your best
- business (with someone)
- an analysis
- (someone) a favor
- (someone) good


Expressions with do :
- What do you do for a living?
- How are you doing?
- How do you do?



MAKE używa się na ogół w przypadku tworzenia czegoś, co wcześniej nie istniało.
DO używa się często ze słowami opisującymi działanie lub czynność.

Prefer and would rather

"PREFER" używa się w celu wskazania, że ogólnie rzecz biorąc, woli się jedną rzecz od drugiej.

I prefer + something + to + something else.
I prefer + doing something  + to + doing something else
I prefer + to do something + rather than + (do) something else

"WOULD PREFER" używa się w celu wskazania, że woli się jedną rzecz bardziej niż inną w konkretnej sytuacji.  

I would prefer + to
 
"WOULD RATHER" używamy do wyrażania preferencji w konkretnej sytuacji.
Po would rather może jednak występować tylko podstawowa forma czasownika.

I would rather + do something + than + (do) something else

How to learn vocabulary effectively

Vocabulary is the core of language. We learn it to be able to describe the world around us better, to be able to express our thoughts, opinions and feelings more accurately, and to be able to choose the tone of what we’re saying. But how to learn vocabulary effectively?
Every language learner has their own favourite vocabulary learning technique that works for them. Below, you will find a summary of ten articles that discuss the most effective vocabulary learning methods. There’s also a bonus paragraph at the very bottom of this page which links to advice from 38 language experts on how to learn vocabulary effectively.

An Incomplete List of Noteable People I’ve Delivered Pizzas To

It’s coming up on a year now since I got my current job as a pizza delivery girl, and I thought this would be a good time to delve into the little ever-expanding “WTFPIZZA” note I keep on my cell that helps me remember some of my more, uh - interesting deliveries.
So without further ado and in no particular order, here’s some pizza customers who left a lasting impression on me thus far:

7 Natural Remedies To Prevent Migraines

Migraine headaches are one of the most common causes of emergency room visits for women between the ages of 18 and 45. As a neurologist and migraine sufferer, I know statistics don’t mean anything when a headache takes over our lives and causes lost time at work or with our loved ones.
If an individual has two or more migraine headaches per month, they are classified as having chronic migraine headache disorder and may benefit from taking preventative measures. These preventative treatments are distinctly different from the therapies that should be used during an acute migraine attack.
The preventative treatment traditionally recommended by physicians is typified by a sole reliance on prescription medications. While effective, these drugs have the potential to cause undesirable side effects such as weight gain, memory impairment, and sedation.
As I traveled around the world learning yoga and meditation techniques, I was always seeking migraine remedies for my patients and myself. In a marketplace full of claims for migraine cures that range from fresh juices to fad diets, what has really been tested and scientifically proven to work?
The following natural and complementary medical therapies have been scientifically proven in medical studies to reduce the frequency of migraine headaches when used appropriately on a regular basis.

20 Reasons To Say “No” to Freelancing

We’ve all heard great things about being a freelancer: having the ultimate independence to make all your creative decisions, no bosses to answer to, flexible hours and working from the comforts of home. It all boils down to a single theme: Freedom.
Being a freelancer sure beats the constraints of a regular corporate 9-to-5 job, but as they say, freedom comes with a price. So many of us may have overrated the ‘freedom’ that is associated with freelancing without properly considering what we may have to give up in place to attain that.

9 Things You Should Know About Freelancing Full-time

For most of us, freelancing full time seems like a dream come true. We get to be our own boss, work our own hours, and are responsible for our own success. It all sounds great – and it is, but freelancing full-time isn’t for everyone. While some freelancers thrive on being their own boss, others find that they’re not as good at working for themselves as they were working for a company, or in their 9 to 5 job.
A lot of people thrive on working full-time in a traditional office setting. Whether it’s because they love working in teams, like to bounce ideas off each other, and be able to share a joke with a colleague sitting in the cubicle next to them, or because they are too used to it to be independent, there are people who may not be suited for the freelancer’s life. So before you take the plunge, consider the following aspects of a freelancer’s life to see if it is your cup of tea, things like…

Rozprawka - przydatne wyrażenia

1. Wprowadzenie do tematu we wstępie:

• it is widely assumed/agreed, that… – jest powszechnie wiadomo że…
• it is common belief that – popularne jest stwierdzenie że…
• people says that… – ludzie mówią że…
• most people agree that… – większość ludzi zgadza się z tym że…
• there are so many different opinions on… – jest tak wiele różnych opinii na temat…
• there is no agreement… – nie ma zgody…
• the problem of… is a much debated issue nowadays – problem … jest ostatnio bardzo często omawiany
• the problem of… has raised a lot of controversy recently – problem … wzbudził ostatnio dużo kontrowersji
• more and more people are… – rosnąca liczba ludzi…
• in recent years… has/have – q ostatnich latach…

2. Przytaczanie przykładów i kontrastu:

• for example / for instance – na przykład
• however / although – jednakże / chociaż
• despite / in spite of – pomimo
• on the one hand / on the other hand – z jednej strony / z drugiej strony
• therefore / as a result / thus – zatem / tak więc
• moreover / in addition – co więcej / ponadto
• be in favour of / be against – być za / przeciw
• like – jak
• especially – zwłaszcza
• such as – tak jak
• in particular – zwłaszcza
• even so – nawet jeśli
• even though – chociaż
• although – mimo to
• it can be argued that … – są odmienne opinie że …

3. Wymienianie argumentów:

• in the first place – po pierwsze
• to start with – na początek
• firstly / secondly / thirdly – po pierwsze / drugie / trzecie
• besides – poza tym
• finally – na koniec

• one major advantage of … – ważną zaletą …
• the main/greatest argument is that… –  głównym/Najważniejszym argumentem jest to że …
• there is no doubt about it that…/I have no doubt that… – nie ma wątpliwości że…/Nie mam wątpliwości że…
• in the first place/First of all – przede wszystkim
• from the perspective of supporters/followers…- z punktu widzenia zwolenników…

Do wprowadzania drugiego i kolejnych argumentów:

• secondly – po drugie
• thirdly – po trzecie
• what is more/Furthermore/Moreover – co więcej
• another aspect is that… – innym aspektem jest to że…
• another advantage/disadvantage is that… – kolejną zaletą/wadą jest to, że…
• also – również
• in addition to … – na dodatek …
• apart from … – oprócz …
• last, but not least – ostatni lecz nie mniej ważny

4. Prezentacja argumentów typu „for”:

• the main advantage of … is that – główną zaletą … jest to, że
• it is believed / said that – sądzi / mówi się, że
• a number of people are in favour of – niektóre osoby są za …
• another benefit is that – kolejną zaletą jest to, że
• not only is it a great asset, but also – nie tylko jest to dużą zaletą, ale również … 

5. Prezentacja argumentów typu „against”:

• opponents point out that – przeciwnicy zwracają uwagę, że
• however, it needs to be added that – jednakże, należy dodać, że
• from an ethical point of view – z etycznego punktu widzenia
• the issue is far from being solved, but – długa jeszcze droga do rozwiązania tego problemu, ale

6. Podsumowanie:

• in conclusion – na zakończenie
• it is clear from the above evidence that – z powyższych punktów wynika, że
• to sum up – podsumowując
• all in all – ogólnie rzecz biorąc
• taking all this into consideration / account – biorąc wszystko pod uwagę
• on balance – po namyśle 
• on the whole /All things considered – Biorąc to wszystko pod uwagę
• overall, – Ogólnie rzecz biorąc,
• there is no agreement…, but in my opinion… – Nie ma zgody…, ale moim zdaniem…
   

10 Things I Wish Every Woman Knew About Health

 

I promised myself this year that I would share some transformational health truths with all the women in my life — including you.
Why? I have a mom, young daughter, so many female family and friends I care so deeply about, and I really felt that I have a duty to give back and share the most important points all women should know about their health (in my opinion, of course).
Who am I? I don't claim to be the worlds expert on women's health but wanted to share my experience in the medical field. I think my thinking has changed, molded and (sometimes flipped) through the education in medical school, hospital training and real world and I am simply sharing that with you.

Amazon.Com - The World's Largest Internet Company

Amazon's Kindle Fire

Amazon.com is the world's largest Internet company. It started out as an online bookstore in the middle of the 1990s and grew gradually over the years. Today Amazon sells almost everything from CDs and DVDs to sportswear and electrical appliances. The company also produces its own tablets and e-readers and lets users upload their own photos and other files to the Amazon-based cloud.
Amazon offers its services all over the world. It operates its own websites in the UK, Germany, China, Australia, as well as many South American and Asian countries.

45 Life Lessons Written by a “90-Year-Old” Woman

You can really learn a lot by reading this woman’s advice. From those who have been there done that, it is nice to hear their point of view. Take a look!
People often tell Regina Brett how great she looks for her age. Turns out, she is actually 54 years old — not 90. She wrote down these life lessons the night before her 45th birthday after being diagnosed with breast cancer. Over that past decade, these lessons have gone viral on the Internet amid claims that she is 90 years old. Luckily, she finds humor in this misrepresentation, knowing how many lives she has touched.
Whatever her age might be, these universal lessons are relatable to anyone who needs a little reminder of what’s important in life.

Greece delays 5 June IMF debt payment

Greece has told the International Monetary Fund it will delay Friday's €300m (£216m) debt repayment and bundle all four of its June payments together.

The Athens government will have until 30 June to pay the €1.5bn total, which is also the day on which its bailout deal with the EU and IMF runs out.
Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras is trying to reach a deal to unlock final bailout funds before Greece runs out of money.

Millions of US government workers hit by data breach

Chinese hackers are suspected of carrying out a "massive breach" of the personal data of nearly four million US government workers, officials said.

The Office of Personnel Management (OPM) confirmed that both current and past employees had been affected.
The breach could potentially affect every federal agency, officials said.
US officials said the hackers were believed to be based in China. Beijing responded by calling such claims "irresponsible".

IKEA pledges 1 billion euros to help slow climate change

OSLO (Reuters) - IKEA, the world's biggest furniture retailer, pledged on Thursday to spend 1 billion euros ($1.13 billion) on renewable energy and ways to help poor nations cope with climate change, in a new sign of companies upstaging governments on the issue.
The investments will be "win, win, win. It's good for customers, good for the climate and good for IKEA too", Chief Executive Peter Agnefjall told Reuters in an interview.
The Swedish firm said it would invest 600 million euros in wind and solar power, adding to 1.5 billion invested since 2009 as part of a goal of making it energy independent.
And the IKEA Foundation, the charitable arm of the family-owned group, would invest 400 million euros in supporting families and communities in nations vulnerable to impacts such as floods, droughts and desertification.
Agnefjall said that the plan fits with IKEA's goal of having a "positive impact on people and the planet."
"People want their leaders to lead. That includes companies like ourselves," he said in a telephone interview.
Senior officials from about 200 nations are meeting in the German city of Bonn this week to prepare for a summit in Paris in late 2015 at which governments aim to agree a deal to slow global warming. ($1 = 0.8889 euros)

retailer - detalista, sprzedawca detaliczny
pledged  - zdeklarowany
pledge - przyrzeczenie, obietnica, ślubowanie
renewable - wymienny, dający się zastąpić; odnawialny (np. źródło energii)
renewable energy - energia odnawialna
sign of sth - ślad po czymś, ślad czegoś
upstage - przyciągać uwagę, przyćmiewać
independent - niepodległy; bezstronny; niezależny
charitable - hojny, życzliwy, wyrozumiały, dobroczynny, miłosierny (np. człowiek); charytatywny (np. organizacja)
vulnerable - bezbronny, odsłonięty, wystawiony na ciosy

źródło: http://www.investing.com/news/commodities-news/ikea-pledges-1-billion-euros-to-help-slow-climate-change-345005

Creditors' offer prompts anger, dismay in Greece

ATHENS (Reuters) - Lawmakers from Greece's ruling Syriza party reacted with dismay and fury on Thursday to a package of reforms creditors offered Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras in return for cash, with one senior party official calling it a "murderous" proposal.
The starkly negative reaction points to a growing risk of a rift or outright revolt within the radical leftist party, which could prompt Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras to resort to early elections to overcome divisions and win acceptance for a deal.

When 100 people lift a bus

Modern life is often characterised as cold and uncompromising. But last week, about 100 bystanders acted entirely against the stereotype. It's the latest in a series of events which challenges assumptions about apathy.

It is an unremarkable place for something remarkable to happen. The junction of Hoe Street and Church Hill in Walthamstow, east London, echoes almost any UK High Street. There's a Subway, a newsagent, a couple of estate agents, an optician.

Missing dog Toffee reunited with blind owner

A dog that slipped the lead of its blind owner, sparking a search, has found his own way home.

Labrador retriever Toffee was spotted waiting under a hedge near his owner's house on Wednesday evening about two miles from where he went missing.
He was last seen at Oxford railway station on Monday and missing dog service DogLost launched an appeal.

Fifa crisis: Ex-official Chuck Blazer details bribe-taking

Former top Fifa official Chuck Blazer has admitted that he and others on the executive committee agreed to accept bribes in connection with the choice of South Africa as 2010 World Cup hosts.

The American said he also facilitated bribes over the 1998 event.
The admissions come in a newly released transcript from a 2013 US hearing in which he pleads guilty to 10 charges.
The US has launched a wide-ranging criminal case that engulfed Fifa and led President Sepp Blatter to resign.
Last week US prosecutors indicted 14 people on charges of bribery, racketeering and money laundering. Four others had already been charged, including Mr Blazer.
The US justice department alleges they accepted bribes and kickbacks estimated at more than $150m (£97m) over a 24-year period.

Chinese ship capsizes on Yangtze with hundreds missing

Five people have died and hundreds are missing after a cruise ship carrying 456 people capsized on the Yangtze River in China's Hubei province.

Officials say at least 15 people survived, with some found alive inside the submerged hull of the Eastern Star.
The captain and the chief engineer, who both survived, have been detained. They say the boat, which sent no emergency signal, was caught in a cyclone.
The rescue is continuing into the night but is being hampered by bad weather.
Chinese media quoted the captain as saying the vessel sank within minutes, while many people were asleep. BBC weather forecaster Peter Gibbs says there were severe thunderstorms in the area.
Most of those on board were tourists aged between 50 and 80 travelling from the eastern city of Nanjing to Chongqing in the south-west - a journey of at least 1,500km (930 miles).
The ship sank in the Damazhou waterway section of the Yangtze, where the world's third longest river reaches depths of about 15m (50ft).

7 Steps for Creating the Life YOU Want

We all aspire to do, be and have great things. Yet most of us simply aren't creating the results we want. We complain that we don't have enough money, romance, success or joy in our lives.

We point fingers and blame outside problems that "happen" to us and make life more difficult. But what we need to understand and keep at the forefront of our minds is that greatness exists in all of us. It is simply up to us to pull it out of ourselves. Regardless of personal circumstances, economic climates, and access to resources, it helps to maintain faith in the fact we each are more powerful than we think.

Colors - What They Mean and How They Affect Us

Colors are all around us and there is no way we can escape them. But what do certain colors stand for? The meaning of colors has changed in the course of history but certain facts are still true about them

Cut your cholesterol

Thirty years ago most people had never heard of it, let alone worried about it. But today, most of us have had our cholesterol checked and I have several discussions every day with patients about the importance of lowering theirs.
Most of the cholesterol in your blood is made in your liver - that's where foods high in saturated fat are processed. The main 'bad' kind of cholesterol is called LDL cholesterol - raised LDL cholesterol is one of the biggest risk factors for heart attack and stroke, together known as cardiovascular disease. Most people should aim to have a total cholesterol level below 5millimols per litre (mmol/l) and an LDL below 3mmol/l. If you have some health conditions, stricter targets of below 4 for total cholesterol and below 2 for LDL are recommended.

Social media networks are changing our way of having relationships

Communication technology is invading our life more than ever before. Mobile phones are never farther than a reach of our hands away. Emails, social networks, the internet are more present than ever before. More than 60% of all internet users also communicate via social networks and over 85 % of all teenagers have accounts on social networks.
Psychologists have started to define terms like Facebook addiction in their reports. Social media sites can be so addicting that people, especially youngsters, do not want to spend time with anything else, they live their relationships in a virtual world.

10 Ways to Go Green and Save Green

How can we live lightly on the Earth and save money at the same time? Staff members at the Worldwatch Institute, a global environmental organization, share ideas on how to GO GREEN and SAVE GREEN at home and at work. To learn more about Worldwatch's efforts to create am environmentally sustainable society that meets human needs.

How does Kate do it?

 

How does Kate do it? Mothers share their shock on Twitter as Duchess of Cambridge steps out looking immaculate just hours after giving birth

Mothers have shared their disbelief on social media after the Duchess of Cambridge emerged from hospital looking immaculate just hours after giving birth.

Wearing a stylish floral dress and with her hair curled into her trademark loose waves, Kate looked remarkably fresh as she stepped out of the Lindo Wing with her new baby and Prince William.

The couple beamed as they cradled the princess outside St Mary's Hospital, in scenes that echoed those back in July 2013 when Kate gave birth to Prince George.

Kate had given birth to the little princess less than 12 hours before, prompting hundreds to ask 'how does she do it' after seeing her in the elegant Jenny Packham dress. 

Mountain Gorillas - Endangered Primates in Eastern Africa

Mountain Gorillas in Eastern Africa

Mountain gorillas are one of the most endangered animals in the world. Scientists think that there are only about 600 mountain gorillas left. They live in the higher regions of the rain forests in Rwanda, Uganda and Congo.
Mountain gorillas are strong, with long muscular arms and a big chest. They have thick black hair that protects them from the cold in high mountain regions. A large male gorilla may reach a height of almost 2 metres and a weigh about 200 kilograms.
Although they are very strong mountain gorillas are shy animals. They normally don’t attack humans. Male gorillas lead groups of up to 40 individuals. These leaders are called silverbacks because of the gray hair they get when they grow old. The silverback protects the group, decides where to eat, rest and sleep.

Top 10 Anti-Cancer Foods by Laura Bond

 A baby born today has a one in two chance of developing cancer in his or her lifetime. While it’s tempting to bury your head in the sand there are simple steps you can take to reduce your risk of developing the disease. By choosing healthy food – free from pesticides, herbicides, sugar and acid-forming ingredients – you are taking the first step towards better health. But if you really want to supercharge your attempts to stay healthy – try and add one of the following foods into your diet every day.

To help you make these foods part of your daily diet, we have linked each food to an Honestly Healthy recipe for inspiration.

5 WAYS TO IMPROVE YOUR DIGESTION

These days, with our busy work schedules, long hours at the office, frenetic modern lifestyle and unhealthy food choices readily available, it’s no wonder that a lot of us run into problems with our digestive system.
Instead of feeling healthy, happy and full of energy, we feel bloated, sluggish and fatigued, even perhaps experiencing constipation, heartburn and gas.
Neglecting our digestion means our bodies have difficulty absorbing the nutrients it needs to be able to break down the foods we eat. In order to focus and enjoy our daily activities, we need to take great care of it and find ways to improve our digestion.
Your stomach – in other words your digestive system – is your very own personal “blender” and “second brain.” What happens or doesn’t happen here has a direct effect on your digestion.

Which political party you side with

Where do you side on social issues?

Do you support the legalisation of same sex marriage? ^{Learn more}

Yes

No

Other stances

How important is this to you?

Should the UK reinstate the death penalty? ^{Learn more}

Yes

No

Other stances

How important is this to you?

“How Do You Want Your Eggs?” Eleven Ways To Cook An Egg

“How do you want your eggs?” How many times have been asked that at a restaurant and not known exactly how to answer it? “What’s the way where it’s fried but the yolk is still runny?” “Aren’t sunny side up and over easy the same thing?” “What’s the difference between over easy and over medium?” “What the heck are basted eggs?”
Eggs really tie breakfast together. They’re great in so many ways: inexpensive, easy to prepare, cook quickly, and offer a solid source of protein.
So how do you answer the next time a server asks how you’d like your eggs? Here are 11 ways to cook an egg.

The Hobbit House

Since 2003 we have been living and building on the land, working in environmental projects and community.  We have found that for a few thousand pound and a few months work it is possible to create simple shelters that are in harmony with the natural landscape, ecologically sound and are a pleasure to live in.  There is something powerfully alluring in such natural buildings.  Their simplicity and cost makes them accessible; their beauty and use of natural materials remind us of our ancestral right and ability to live well as part of the landscape/nature/earth.  We believe this dream is possible for anyone with genuine intention, will and hard work.  Through this website is our best advice to inspire and assist anyone who is interested in similar ideas.

Are We Ready for E-Books?

In a typical Boston bookshop customers move their way through the corridors and rooms to browse through thousands of books that are spread over two floors. “It’s a lot of paper” says one of the shop assistants. She admits that the store could get much smaller if the digital revolution gets to the bookshelves.
The catchword is e-book , or electronic book - something you read on screen instead of on paper. You can load books onto small computers to read while you are on the move .
There are lots of different e-books. Some are really computers and may even be bound in leather to look like a real book. The RocketBook , for example, is a portable that can display pages. Others are just computer programs which you can use to display books on your computer or notebook.
Then there are PDAs, or pocket computers, that can be used as an e-book if you have the right software. They are portable and have wireless connections to libraries or bookstores.
E-books have many advantages :

The Princes in the Tower

In 1933 the skeletons of two young boys, one aged about 10 and the other 13, were disinterred from Westminster Abbey and examined by L.E. Tannery and W. Wright.
These bones had been re-buried in an urn in 1674 and placed in the Henry VIIth Chapel in the Abbey. The skeletons aroused much interest and debate as they were believed by many historians to be the bones of the two princes who were reputably murdered in the Tower of London in the 15th century.
The princes were Edward V and his brother Richard Duke of York, the sons of Edward IV and his Queen, Elizabeth Woodville. Their uncle, Richard of Gloucester, later Richard III, came after them in the succession.

Woman Gets Lost and asks this man to help her. His response is genius.

A woman in a hot air balloon realized she was lost so she reduced altitude and spotted a man below.

She descended a bit more and shouts: "Excuse me, can you help me, I promised a friend I would meet him an hour ago but I don't know where I am."

The man below replied, "You're in a hot air balloon hovering approximately 30 feet above the ground. You're between 40 and 41 degrees north latitude and between 59 and 60 degrees west longitude."

"You must be and Engineer," said the balloonist.

"I am, how did you know" replied the man?

"Well," answered the balloonist, "everything you have told me is probably technically correct, but I've no idea what to make of your information and the fact is, I'm still lost. Frankly, you've not been much help at all. If anything, you've delayed my trip by your talk."

The man below responded, "You must be in Management."

"I am, but how did you know" replied the balloonist?

"Well", said the man, "you don't know where you are or where you're going. You have risen to where you are, due to a large quantity of hot air. You made a promise, which you've no idea how to keep, and you expect people beneath you to solve your problems."

"In fact you are in exactly the same position you wee in before we met, but now, somehow, it's my friggin' fault."

balloon - balon
altitude - wysokość (względem czegoś; szczególnie wysokość nad poziomem morza)
spotted - w kropki, w groszki (np. sukienka)
spot - miejsce (np. w którym spędzamy czas); plama (powierzchnia o innym kolorze, np. na skórze)
descend - schodzić (np. ze schodów), zstępować (np. z nieba), obniżać (np. lot)
hover - unosić się, wisieć w powietrzu; wahać się
approximately  (skrót approx) - około, w przybliżeniu
above - nad, powyżej, u góry, wysoko
latitude - szczerokość geograficzna
frankly - szczerze, bez ogródek; otwarcie, bezpośrednio
rise - wzrastać (np. cena); wzbierać, wznosić się (np. w powietrze)
rise to sth - odnieść się do czegoś, odpowiedzieć na coś
due - to, co się komuś należy; płatny; należny, przysługujący komuś
quantity (skrót gty.) - ilość (czegoś, co może być policzone bądź zmierzone); masa, obfitość
make a promise- obiecywać, składać obietnicę
beneath - pod, poniżej; pod spodem (np. pod kołdrą)
fault - wina; wada, usterka

źródło: http://fb-troublemakers.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/a_1327_20150216143316.jpg

NOODLES GATE

Long, long time ego, there lived a very calm couple, Agnes and Konrad. Agnes made tasty noodles. Konrad made pots and then sold them on a market. Once Agnes became seriously sick and after a few days she died. Konrad was desperate. He was hungry all the time because he did not know how to cook. Women from neighbourhood would give him what they cooked, but Konrad did not like the food. One day, hungry and tired he was coming back from the market, and he fell asleep at a gate. He dreamed about Agnes; she gave him a bowl filled with noodles, but under one condition: everyday he was supposed to leave one noodle in the bowl, and the bowl would again fill itself with noodles. And then Konrad woke up. He was thinking about how strange the dream was when suddenly he noticed the bowl filled with noodles. Konrad started to eat them quickly. One, big noodle was left on the bottom. Probably it was the tastiest noodle and worth eating, he thought. He took it in his hand, but the noodle fell out. He caught it, but it again slipped, this time on the top of the gate. He started to climb and when he reached the top, the noodle became petrified. Konrad went down, took the bowl and went back home. The next day he saw the bowl empty. From that day, the petrified noodle is present on one of gates in Wroclaw. 


 calm - spokojny, opanowany; spokój, cisza
noodles - kluski, makaron
pot - garnek
neighbourhood - dzielnica; sąsiedztwo, okolica
filled - wypełniony
condition - warunek, klauzula, zastrzeżenie (w umowie)
suppose - przypuszczać; zakładać
tasty - smaczny; smakowity, pikantny (p. wiadomość)
worth - warty; godzien, wart, zasługujący
fall out - wypadać
slip - poślizgnąć się; wyślizgnąć się
climb - wpisanąć się, wdrapywać się
reach - osiągać (na drodze rozwoju, np. poziom, etap); uzyskiwać, osiągać (meć czasami jakąś wartość, np. wiatr osiągający 100 km/h); osiągać (np. porozumienie)
petrified - skamieniały ze strachu, sparaliżowany, osłupiały

Legend has it..

It was once a fad among New Yorkers vacationing in Florida to bring back baby alligators for their children to raise as pets. These infant gators eventually grew up and outlived their cuteness, sad to say, at which point their desperate owners flushed them down the toilet to get rid of them.
Some of these hastily disposed-of critters managed to survive and breed in the dank Manhattan sewer system, so the story goes, producing colonies of giant, albino alligators beneath the streets of New York City. Their descendants thrive down there to this day, completely hidden (apart from the rare heart-stopping encounter between sewer gator and sewer worker, that is) from human eyes.

Better Than Before

Every day of your life is shaped by your habits. Are you a morning or evening person? Messy or tidy? Do you eat breakfast or skip it? Drive or commute? Pack a lunch or dine out? Exercise or watch television?

Gretchen Rubin, author of the new book “Better Than Before: Mastering the Habits of Our Everyday Lives,’’ has discovered that we repeat about 40 percent of our behaviors every day. Our habits — good and bad — provide the architecture to our lives, she writes, which is a good reason to pay more attention to them. Why and how do we form habits, and how can we create more good habits than bad?

History of the Tea Bag

How did the tea bag originate? Thomas Sullivan, a New York tea importer, mistakenly invented tea bags in 1908 when he sent the loose leaves to clients in small silk bags to cut costs. In turn, they steeped the entire bag to make their brew.
As a result, his buyers were more interested in having their brew pre-packaged in silk sacks than they were receiving the leaves in loose form. Sullivan didn't realize this until many of his most important clients started to complain that the orders they received were not in bags. Since silk was too expensive, he opted to used gauze sacks to package his blends and fulfill his orders.
Leftovers from tea processing in the form of "fannings" and "dust" were used to fill the bags, as is done today. Tea fannings (small broken pieces of leaves) and tea dust (that has the consistency of rough powder), typically yield an inferior taste and drinking experience for true connoisseurs.
Some flavor experts say they can taste a hint of the paper that is used in making bags. In addition...

What's your English question?

(Flickr CC: Uwe Schwarzbach )

What is the difference between traffic and transport? 

'Traffic' is a noun, it refers to vehicles moving on a road or highway.

The traffic in the city is terrible today.

The word 'traffic' can also be used to talk about movement of vehicles, like planes or ships, or even pedestrians.

The foot traffic through this area is very heavy at lunchtime. 

Automakers Produce Cars of the Future

Automakers around the world are planning to make cars that are smaller, use up less fuel and do not damage our environment. At auto shows around the globe car producers are presenting what they have in mind.
General Motors has already showed one of its prototypes .It is called P.U.M.A. , which means Personal Urban Mobility and Accessibility Vehicle. It looks like a cart, has two batteries and seats for two people.
While GM’s car may never be produced other car makers have already made mini-cars that you can buy. Mercedes’ Smart car has been popular in Europe for some time. Chrysler’s GEM Peapod and Toyota’s IQ are two small cars that have been specially designed for city traffic.
Man people want to buy small cars because they save fuel. That means saving money on petrol plus being able to find parking spaces more easily in crowded cities.
Carmakers are also spending money on research to make alternative-fuel cars. Maybe one day, most of us will drive biodiesel, hydrogen, or solar-powered cars.

Hybrids are cars that are already on the market today. Toyota and GM already produce hybrid cars, trucks and SUV’s that run on petrol and electricity. Other companies, like BMW, have made cars that use hydrogen and electricity. Although such cars are still too expensive to produce in great numbers carmakers are continuing to improve them and make them cheaper.

Segway's P.U.M.A.

 

• accessibility = user friendly
• alternative-fuel = not powered by petrol but other environment-friendly kinds of energy
• although =while
• cart = here: an object that has a small, round form and a motor
• crowded = full
• damage = destroy
• design = make, plan
• environment = the world around us
• fuel = here: petrol; the liquid for of energy that a car needs to drive
• globe = world
• have in mind = what they are thinking of
• hydrogen = the lightest gas that forms water when you mix it with oxygen; it is also a source of energy;
• popular = liked by many people
• prototype = the first form of something new
• research = to study a topic and find out new and interesting things about it
• solar-powered = energy from the sun
• SUV = sport-utility vehicle= car that larger than a normal car and is used to travel over rough ground
• urban = city
• vehicle = car 

use up - zużyć coś, zużywać coś
damage - uszkodzenie, szkoda, uszczerbek (np. własności, zdrowia); źle wpływać
have in mind - mieć na myśli
accessibility - dostępność; przystępność; ułatwienia dostępu
carmaker - producent samochodów
utility - pożytek, użyteczność; funkcjonalny, praktyczny; wszechstronny

 źródło: http://www.english-online.at/technology/future-cars/prototype-cars-of-the-future.htm

PAST TENSE

Present Perfect

How to Learn English with Luke’s English Podcast

This should be a useful episode. I’m going to go through a whole bunch of ways that you can improve your English with Luke’s English Podcast. You’ll find a list of these points on my website. I’m going to expand on them here.
I’ll be talking about key areas: listening, reading, writing, speaking, grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation and discourse. Much of what I’m saying is written on my website. Just find the episode called “How to Learn English with Luke’s English Podcast”. I’ve written a lot of this down because it contains lots of specific bits of information which I wanted to make sure I included. I try not to do too many episodes in which I read things to you. I promise that the next one will be unscripted. Anyway, I’ll do my best to make this sound as natural as possible, which is an art in itself. Actually, you could use this script to help you practise your pronunciation, you could record yourself reading this too, and compare it to my version. What are the differences in your version and mine? What can you learn from that? Record yourself doing it again, and compare that to your first attempt. It’s bound to sound a lot better. In fact, I guarantee that you’ll sound more natural and convincing with each attempt. More on that later.
For now, here is a list of tips and advice for learning English with LEP.

Household Chore List

A clear household chore list is important to keep the household running smoothly and to keep everything tidy. Start with a Master List and then break it down into individual lists for each member of the family. In this way, all the chores are divided evenly and no one has an unfair amount of work to do to keep the home in shape.

The Master Household Chore List

A master list of household chores the place to begin. You can do this on paper or on a computer spreadsheet. On this list, write down every chore that needs to be done and how often it is needed. This should also include outside tasks as well as indoor tasks. If you would rather use a pre-formatted document instead of creating your own, click to download a free printable household chore checklist  created by LoveToKnow.
If you need help downloading the printable checklist, check out these helpful tips.

CAN/ BE ABLE TO

Zamiast "can" można stosować również zwrot "to be able to do sth" - często jednak "can" jest dużo bardziej naturalne w użyciu.

Zwrot "to be able to do sth" oznacza tyle co: być w stanie coś zrobić, potrafić coś, móc coś zrobić.
Can ma tylko dwie formy, tj. can-could- Ø. Dlatego też należy używać be able to do tworzenia czasów perfect lub innych konstrukcji gdzie wymagana jest tzw. trzecia forma:
I haven’t been able to learn how to cook yet.

Podmiot (subject) + odpowiednia forma czasownika to be + able to + bezokolicznik bez to (infinitive without to) + reszta zdania

We use could for general ability. But if we are talking about what happened in a particular situation, we use was/were able to ... or managed to  ... (not could).

a (an), the, -

- use (-) with plural and uncontable nouns when you are talking about things in general
- use a/an - with singular contable nouns when you are not talking about a particular thing, or when you mention something for the first time
- use the - with any type of noun when you and your reader/listener know which particular thing you are talking about, for example because it is unique or it has been mentioned before
- use the - with a singular contable noun or an adjective to talk about things in general
- use (-) - with most place names
- use the - in fixed phrases such as in .... 1960s, in ... beginning


indefinite article (a/an) 

- when it's not clear (or important) which one is being talked about
- when it is the first time something is mentioned
- in phrases of quantity of frequency

no article
- to talk about things in general
- for most continents, countries, towns, roads, stations, individual mountains and lakes

definite article (the) 
- when it's clear what is being talked about
- when something is unique 
- when something has been mentioned before
- + adjective or singular countable noun to talk about things in general
- for oceans, rivers, groups of islands/regions, deserts, mountain ranges, decades

wish, if only, should

use:

- wish + past simple

to talk about things you would like to be different in the present/future (but which are impossible or unlikely

- wish + person/thing + would + infinitive to talk about things we want to happen, or stop happening because they annoy us

(You can't use would for wish about yourself. eg. NOT I wish I would....)

- wish + past perfect  to talk about things that happened or didn't happen in the past and which you now regret.

You can also use If only instead of I wish with these teneses.

- should + have + past participle

Carbon Footprint

The carbon footprint shows how much carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases a person produces in everyday life.  It measures the amount of fossil fuels and electricity someone uses up as well as the carbon footprint of the products they buy.

When we use our cars or heat our homes with oil or natural gas, carbon dioxide and various other gases are set free.  These emissions lead to a denser atmosphere and global warming.

You can measure your carbon footprint by using a calculator that you can find on various websites. It shows you in which way your living habits damage the environment. The carbon footprint usually measured in tons of CO2 per year. In America for example, every citizen produces about 28 tons of carbon dioxide and other dangerous gases a year, in Great Britain the amount is about 10 tons.

Money Money Money – 12 Phrasal Verbs & more…

Hello everyone, this podcast is all about MONEY – cash, pounds, dosh, currency, capital, loot, notes, coins, credit, loose change, deniro – call it what you like – we all love to get it and then spend it on STUFF!

In this podcast you’ll hear me talk about money and the economic crisis. I use 12 phrasal verbs. Can you find them? I also discuss a few idioms, sayings and quotations about money.

12 Phrasal Verbs
Here is the transcript of the part of the podcast in which I use 12 phrasal verbs connected to money:
These days, many of us are living in tough times. The economic crisis is making life difficult for many people in this country. We’re all having to economise and cut back on our spending. Nowadays there is less credit available in the money markets and this is having a knock-on effect in our lives.

żeby nie stękać ... v2

wspomagacze argumentacji
- I should mention that ... -  Może powinnienem wspomnieć o ...
- As far as I know ... - O ile mi wiadomo ..
- As regards ... - Co do/ co się tyczy ...
- I'm quite sure ... - Jestem raczej pewny ...
- Personally, I think that ... - Osobiście uważam, że ...
- It's worth mentioning that - Warto wspomnieć, że ...
- To the best of my knowledge ... - O ile mi wiadomo ...
 
wspomagacze argumentacji i wyrażania własnej opinii
- I am convinced that ... - Jestem przekonany, że ...
- I'd just like to say ... - Chciałbym/chciałabym tylko powiedzieć ...
- Besides - Zresztą, poza tym 





zwroty doprecyzowujące myśli/pytania
- In other words ... - Innymi słowy ....
- I want to make sure whether ... - Chcę się upewnić, czy ...
- What about ... ? - A jeśli chodzi o ....?
- Correct me if I'm wrong, but ... - Popraw mnie, jeśli się mylę, ale ...
- Let me explain. - Pozwól mi wyjaśnić.
- For sure? - Czy na pewno?








jak wyrazić rozczarowanie
- We had high hopes ... - A miało być tak pięknie...
- It doesn't matter - Nieważne
- We'll get by - Obejdzie się


jak wyrazić zniecierpliwienie
- Knock it off / Stop it - Przestań
- I'm warning you ... - Ostrzegam cię ...
- Cut it out. - Skończ z tym.


jak wyrazić zachwyt 
- That's amazing! - Nieprawdopodobnie!
- It's impressive - Robi wrażenie
- Oh, wow! - Ojej!

jak wyrazić zdziwienie
- Seriously? - Serio?
- No way! - Niemożliwe!
- Come on! - Coś ty!













jak odmówić 
- Not my thing. - To nie moja bajka.
- Probably not. - Raczej nie
- Let's forget about it. - Darujmy to sobie.
- No way am I going to ... - Nie ma mowy, żebym ...
- Forget it! - Zapomnij o tym!
- There's no need to ... - Nie ma potrzeby ...




źródło: "Polish your english. Angielski z premierem"

English website

English podcast 
http://teacherluke.co.uk/
http://edition.cnn.com/studentnews/
http://www.ted.com/about/our-organization
https://www.youtube.com/user/bigthink
http://podacademy.org/


and English Vocabulary
http://english.vocabularyinpicture.com/

żeby nie stękać ...

wspomagacze argumentacji
- As far as I am concerned ... - jeśli o mnie chodzi ...
- I want to emphasize that ... - chcę podkreślić, że ...
- If you ask me ... - jeśli chodzi o mnie ...
- It's important to mention that ... - należy wspomnieć, że ...
- One might say that ... - Mówi się, że ...
- Furthermore ... /Moreover ... - ponadto ...
- What is more ... - co więcej ...

zwroty doprecyzowujące myśli/pytania
- What I am getting at is  ... - chodzi mi o to, że ...
- I don't quite follow you ... - Nie do końca cię rozumiem.
- Is everything clear so far? - czy wszystko jak dotąd jest jasne?
- Let me put it this way ... - ujmę to w ten sposób ...
- Have you got that? - rozumiecie?
- Are you with me? - Wszystko jasne?

zwroty na przeczekanie
- Anyway ... - W każdy razie ...
- Let me think .. - Daj mi się zastnowić ...
- You know .. - no wiesz ...
- That's a good question ... - to dobre pytanie ...
- That's interesting - to interesujące ...
- You never know ... - nigdy nic nie wiadomo ...

umilacze na zakończenie rozmowy
- It was a pleasure. - było mi bardzo przyjemnie.
- That's very kind of you. - To bardzo uprzejmie z Twojej strony.
- Give my love to .. - Pozdrów ode mnie ...
- It's very nice of you to say so. - Bardzo miło to słyszeć od Pani/Pana
- That sounds great. - To brzmi wspaniale.
- You've been a great help! - Bardzo mi pomogłeś!


źródło: "Polish your english. Angielski z premierem"

Heritage is Great Part 1

Britain has a great heritage. It has some of the finest historic buildings in the world.

Palaces, castles and museums bursting with tradition and history... there’s just so much to see and do.

Around 30 million people visit Britain every year from overseas.

Three of the top five museums and galleries in the world can be found here.

There are 14 Roman walled cities, 8 heritage cities and hundreds of castles.

In London, Big Ben, Buckingham Palace and Tower Bridge are just some of the places to visit, but how to fit it all in? I’ll show you.

Now, one way to see the sights is to hop on and hop off an open top London bus. Now, most buses go from A to B, but this one is special. This is a Big Bus tour bus and is a great way to see the city.

The Houses of Parliament, one of the largest parliament buildings in the world.

This is Regent Street, which was built in the 1800s. The street itself separated Mayfair, which was an upper class area, with Soho, over there, which was a working class area. 

The Ultimate Energy Bites

Makes 15 – 20 balls, depending on size

- 1 cup of medjool dates

- 3/4 of a cup of almonds

- 3/4 of a cup of walnuts or any other nut

- 2 tablespoons of chia seeds

- 2 tablespoons of ground flax seed

- 1 tablespoon of coconut oil

- 1 tablespoon of hemp protein powder

- 1 tablespoon of raw cacao powder

Start by placing the almonds, walnuts, ground flax seed and chia seeds in your food processor. Blend for 1 minute, until the a flour forms and the nuts have crumbled.

Then add the remaining ingredients, pitting the dates before adding those. Blend for another minute until a stick dough forms.

Use your hands to roll the mixture into little balls, place in a bowl and store in the fridge.

Bite and enjoy! Just try not to eat them all at once!

Walnuts – orzechy

ground flax seed – mielone siemie lniane

źródło: http://deliciouslyella.com/

Running the Marathon

Running is a very popular sport. Millions of people run because they enjoy it or want to be in good physical shape. A runner does not need a special talent or equipment—only well-cushioned shoes and comfortable clothes.
Daily running improves a person’s physical condition. It helps oxygen circulate through your body and it makes your heart and leg muscles stronger. Running helps you control your weight because when you run your burn up a lot of calories. It also helps you fight off stress after a tiring day in school or at work.
Many runners take part in long distance races. The most popular events are marathons. They are held in many cities all over the world and, for a good runner, taking part in a famous marathon is the highlight of a running career. Famous marathons are held in New York, Boston, London, Berlin and many other cities.
The marathon is the longest running event in the world. Its name goes back to the story of a Greek soldier who, in 490 B.C. , ran from the small village of Marathon to Athens, about 40 km away. He wanted to tell the people there that the Greek army had defeated the Persians.

Physical Fitness

The body is an amazing object; the more you ask of it, the more it can do. If you are inactive most of the time, your body will quickly become tired when it should be active. But if you are active many times each day or week, your body will get used to the hard work and it will become easier to do. Children who want to play active games with their friends should exercise regularly so they have the energy to play as long as they want.
Many young people want to be physically active because it helps them look and feel good. Activity burns more calories than just sitting , so it is important for keeping a healthy weight . Exercise also makes your muscles and bones stronger and keeps your body in a good condition .
Physical activity also helps people stay healthy. Exercise strengthens the immune system , and helps the body fight off illness . Daily exercise also helps people sleep better. Active students don’t complain about being tired. They have a good night’s sleep and have the energy to work hard and have fun every day.

When you don’t know an exact word

If you don’t know or can’t remember an exact word – don’t worry! There are lots of things you can do to communicate without saying the exact word. These are very useful strategies that even native speakers use.

General words

If you can’t remember the word ‘surgeon’, you could say a more general word like ‘doctor’.
 
Examples

If you don’t know the word ‘cutlery’, you could give examples such as ‘knife, fork and spoon’.

Relative clauses to give a description

(It’s a person who ... / thing that ... / place where ... )

If you don’t know the word ‘briefcase’, you could say ‘It’s a thing that people use to carry papers to work’.

Describe the purpose or function (It’s used to + infinitive / for + -ing)

If you don’t know the word ‘scissors’, you could say ‘They are used to cut paper’ or ‘They are used for cutting paper’.

This strategy works well with objects that have a clear use or function.
 
Synonyms (words that mean the same)

If you don’t know the word ‘tiny’, you could say ‘very small’.

This strategy works well with nouns and adjectives.

Antonyms (opposite words)

If you don’t know the word ‘weak’, you could say ‘not strong’.

This strategy works well with adjectives.

Approximations (It’s a kind of ... / It’s a sort of ...)

If you don’t know the word ‘bungalow’, you could say ‘It’s a kind of house’ or ‘It’s a sort of house’.





źródło: http://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org/exams/speaking-exams/when-you-dont-know-exact-word?utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=bc-learnenglishteens

MUSIC

Music is an art form that uses sound as medium in time and space. The basic elements of music, rhythm, dynamics and sound properties are color and intensity. Music through history had tried to define a number of theorists, philosophers, composers and musicians themselves. The very word music derives from the Greek word mousike, which is derived from the word mouse, and  people around the world know that as a Latin form of the word music. Music and sound can make human voice or instrument which can cause emotional experience. Music reaches far into the past and during this time they develop different styles and genres of music, which is still listening. All styles and genres of music, one thing is common, and that is to make people happy. Today, music has increasingly spreading and people can’t live without music. On this website you can find out what music actually is, its history and its styles and genres.

The best-known types of music are:

blues
classical
country
electronic
jazz
latin
metal
pop
punk
rap
reggae
R&B
rock

property - własność, mienie
intensity - intensywność, nasilenie
composer - kompozytor
derive - czerpać (np. przyjemność), odnosić (korzyść, zysk)
genre - gatunek, rodzaj
increasingly  - coraz bardziej, coraz częściej
spread - rozprzestrzeniać się, szerzyć się (dotyczyć coraz większej liczby ludzi lub miejsc) 

Moral

Every cloud has a silver lining.
What goes around comes around.
Where there's smoke there's fire.
Once bitten, twice shy.
When in Rome do as the Romans do.
Where there's life there's hope.
Nothing ventured, nothing gained.
Let's cross that bridge when we come to it.

'Happier at Home': Gretchen Rubin offers 10 tips to make home more comforting

1. Getting rid of stuff
Rubin admits that this can be easier said than done. Some people hate to throw things away, and different people are comfortable with different levels of possessions. Rubin said she pursued a strategy of only keeping things she engaged with. "Engagement came in two forms," she wrote. "First was the engagement that came with use. When I often used a possession – wore the purple coat, packed up the duffel bag, consulted the laminated subway map – I felt engaged with that object... Second was the engagement that came with response. Every time I walked by the shelf where we kept the handmade books my daughters made in nursery school, all swollen with glued bits of macaroni and cotton balls, I thought tenderly of those days... My goal, then, was to rid our home of things that didn't matter, to make more room for the things that did." The objects to get rid of, Rubin says, are the ones without meaning.

What are Values and Beliefs?

Understanding what your values and beliefs are, is an important aspect of personal growth. So what are values and beliefs?  We all have an internalised system of  values and beliefs that have developed throughout our lives. People use both their values and beliefs to guide their actions and behaviour as well as helping to form their attitudes towards different things.  However, values and beliefs are different.

Values
Our values are things that we deem important and can include concepts like  equality, honesty, education, effort, perseverance, loyalty, faithfulness…etc. Our values are very much individual and they affect us at a deep subconscious level. Every decision we make is based on our values and either we use them as avoidance or for aspiration.
Values can be split into core values and secondary values.  Our core values help us to resolve any hidden conflicts, remove stresses and give us a firm direction in life. Ultimately they are important for helping you move towards solutions and away from problems.
Our secondary values are the values that we bring to the fore to use when certain situations for arise.  Eg You might make yourself suddenly more ‘available’ because you have a friend in need and this loyalty is something you value.

Beliefs
Our beliefs on the other hand are assumptions that we make about the world. They grow from what we see, hear, experience, read and think about and they apply not only how we see ourselves but also how we see other people.  We tend not to question our beliefs because we are so certain about them and many of them stem from childhood.  Our beliefs can be changed or turned round by the ‘re-programming’ of our subconscious. Like values our beliefs can be split into two different types empowering beliefs and limiting beliefs.
Empowering beliefs help us to confidently make changes.  We use our empowering beliefs to make decisions in what can often be an ambiguous world. Limiting beliefs do the exact opposite and keep us rooted in particular positions.  Our limiting beliefs are often based on assumptions that are not true.  For example – saying you can’t learn a language. If you spend a lot of time saying that you can’t do something then for that time it will be true.

Understanding your own values and beliefs
The clearer you can be about your values and beliefs, the happier and more effective you will be.
One option is to look at your own values by completing a range of exercises designed to draw out and clarify the things that are most important to you.  These will help show you why you make certain decisions.
Another option is to have some values and beliefs coaching  The aim of such coaching is to ensure that your values and beliefs are not limiting you in anyway and preventing your from achieving your chosen goals.  By increasing your awareness of your interactions, reactions and motivations you will  ensure that the goals you set are entirely congruent with your value and belief system.  This approach is suitable for anyone who finds their life being limited by their values or beliefs.

certain - pewien, pewny
arise - nadarzać się, powstawać, pojawiać się (o problemie, trudnej sytuacji)
assumption - przypuszczenie, założenie
ourselves - się; sami, same
tend - wykazwać tendencje (np. rosnące, malejące)
stem - łodyga, nóżka (np. kieliszka); powstrzymywać, tamować
turn around / turn round - odwracać się
empower - upoważniać, upoważnić; wzmocnić, wzmacniać pozycję (np. polityczną)
limiting - stanowiący barierę; ograniczający
confidently - z pewnością siebie, z przekonaniem
confident - pewny, przekonany; pewny siebie
ambiguous - dwuznaczny, niejednoznaczny
exact - dokładnie; dokładny, całkowicie poprawny
aim - cel
prevent - zapobiegać
awareness - świadomość; zdolność postrzegania
entirely - całkowicie, zupełnie
congruent - stosowny, odpowiedni, właściwy
approach - zbliżać się, podchodzić (do czegoś); zwracać sie (np. z zapytaniem do kogoś)
suitable - odpowiedni, nadający się


źródło:  http://bis-confidencecoaching.com/what-are-values-and-beliefs/