Informal / Formal sentens

Informal	Formal
What do you need?	Please let us know your requirements.
Thanks for you email of 12 Feb.	Thank you for your email received 12 February.
Sorry, I can't make it.	I am afraid I will not be able to attend.
I'm sorry to tell you that, …	We regret to advise you that …
I promise	I can assure you that …
Could you ..?	I would be grateful if you could …
You haven't ..	We note from our records that you have not …
Don't forget	We would like to remind you that …
I need to …	It is necessary for me to …
Shall I … ?	Would you like me to … ?
But … / Also … / So …	However…/ In addition … / Therefore …
Please could you …	I was wondering if you could …
I'm sorry for	Please accept our apologies foe …
See you next week.	I look forward to meeting you next week.
Re ..	With regard to … (or with reference to)

requirements - wymagania

receive - otrzymać

attend  - być obecnym

assure - zapewniać

with regard to sth - w odniesieniu do czegoś

re - co się tyczy, odnośnie, w sprawie

it is necessary for sb to do sth - ktoś musi zrobić coś

wonder - zastanawiać się

In addition – dodatkowo

Therefore – dlatego, zatem

General tips

Some general tips as a reminder for writing good emails:

•  Use a 'subject line' that summarises briefly and clearly the content  of the message. Your email may be one of hundreds on the recipient's computer and you want them to read it when it arrives and then find it again easily in their files
• Use short, simple sentences. Long sentences are often difficult to read and understand. The most common mistake for learners of English is to translate directly from their own language. Usually the result is a complicated, confusing sentence
• One subject per email is best. The other person can reply to an email about one thing, delete it, and leave another email in their 'Inbox' that needs more time
• Be very careful with jokes, irony, personal comments etc. Humour rarely translates well from one culture to another. And if you are angry, wait for 24 hours before you write. Once you press 'Send' you cannot get your email back. It can be seen by anyone and copied and sent round the world. The intimate, informal nature of email makes people write things that they shouldn't. Only write what you would be comfortable saying to the person's face.
• Take a moment to review and edit what you have written. Is the main point clear? Would some pieces of continuous text be better as bullet points or numbered points? Is it clear what action you want the recipient to take? Would you be happy to receive this email? If in doubt, ask a colleague to quickly look through and make comments
• Don't ignore capital letters, punctuation, spelling, paragraphs and basic grammar. It might be okay when you are writing to a very close friend, but to everyone else it's an important part of the image that you create. A careless, disorganised email shows the outside world a careless, disorganised mind
• Use the replies you receive to modify your writing to the same person. If the recipient writes back in a more informal or more formal style, then match that in your future emails to them. If they use particular words or phrases that seem to come from their company culture, or professional area, then consider using those words yourself where they are appropriate
• Be positive!

 content - zawartość, treść
 rarely - rzadko
 intimate - bliski, kameralny
 bullet points - wypunktowanie
 recipient - adresat, odbiorca
 receive - dostać, otrzymać
 If in doubt - w razie wątpliwości
 careless - nieostrożny, nieuważny
 appropriate - odpowiedni, stosowny, właściwy

Makes one loaf

Makes one loaf

- 2 cups of cold water

- 1 and a 1/2 cups of pumpkin seeds

- 1 cup of buckwheat or brown rice flour

- 1 cup of almonds

- 1/2 a cup of sunflower seeds

- 3 heaped tablespoons of psyllium husk powder

- 2 tablespoons of chia seeds

- 2 tablespoons of dried mixed herbs (I used herbs de provence but basil, rosemary, thyme, oregano etc are all great)

- salt and pepper to taste

Simply place the almonds and one cup of the pumpkin seeds in a food processor and blend for a couple of minutes until a smooth flour forms. Transfer this flour into a bowl and stir in the remaining half a cup of pumpkin seeds plus the buckwheat flour, sunflower seeds, psyllium husks, dried herbs and salt. Stir the mix well before gradually pouring in the water.

You’ll then need to let the mixture sit for an hour or so to let it fully absorb all the water and firm up. During which time you can heat the oven to 180C.

Once the mix is nice and firm (I mean really firm, it can’t even be a tiny bit runny – if it is then add another spoon of psyillium) grease the base of a loaf tin with coconut or olive oil, pour the mix in and firmly press it down with a spoon or spatula. Then place the bread in the oven and bake for forty minutes to an hour, until the top begins to brown and you can pull a knife out of the middle without any mix sticking to it. Finally, slice, smother in your favourite toppings and enjoy!

pumpkin seeds – nasiona dyni

almonds – migdały

sunflower seeds – nasiona słonecznika

psyllium husk - babka płesznik

powder – proszek

tablespoons – łyżki

herbs – zioła

herbs de provence – zioła prowansalskie

basil – bazylia

rosemary – rozmaryn

thyme – tymianek

smooth – gładki

stir – mieszać, zamieszać

gradually – stopniowo

to pour – lać, polać, nalać, nalewać

fully - w pełni

to absorb - wchłaniać, wchłonąć

firm up - wzmocnić, ujędrnić

firm - solidny, twardy, jędrny

heat the oven - podgrzać piekarnik

runny  - cieknący, płynny, rzadki

grease  - natłuszczać, smarować tłuszczem

loaf - bochenek (chleba)

tin - pojemnik, puszka

loaf tin - forma do chleba

coconut  - kokos

spatula - szpatułka

źródło

http://deliciouslyella.com/almond-quinoa-pumpkin-seed-bread/

DURING - WHILE

How to use during

during is a preposition which is used before a noun (during + noun) to say when something happens. It does not tell us how long it happened.

during + noun

Exercises were given to us during the lesson.

How to use while

When is used to talk about two things that are happening at the same time. The length of time is not important.



while + subject + verb

The students took notes while the teacher was speaking.

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Past Perfect Continuous to czas przeszły niedokonany (można też powiedzieć - zaprzeszły niedokonany), który stosujemy w następujących sytuacjach:

• czynność trwająca do momentu rozpoczęcia innej czynności (mp. I had been waiting for you for an hour before you came. - Czekałam na Ciebie godzinę zanim przyszłaś.). Podkreślamy przy tym ile dana czynność trwała;

Podmiot + had + been + czasownik z końcówką "-ing" + reszta zdania

Typowe okoliczniki czasu

• since - od + określony moment w przeszłości (np. od poniedziału - since Monday)

• for - od + okres czasu (np. przez 2 lata - for two years)

PAST PERFECT

PAST PERFECT

Past Perfect to czas przeszły dokonany (można też powiedzieć - zaprzeszły), który stosujemy w następujących sytuacjach:

• jeśli zależy nam na podkreśleniu, że dana czynność zdarzyła się przed inną przeszłą czynnością (np. When I finally got to the party, it had already finished. - Kiedy w końcu dotarłam na imprezę, ona już się skończyła.). Czasu tego nie stosujemy jednak chcąc wymienić po kolei czynności następujące po sobie (np. I got up, had breakfast, washed my teeth... - Wstałam, zjadłam śniadanie, umyłam zęby..., ponieważ w takich sytuacjach jasne jest, co nastąpiło po sobie);

• po zwrocie "It was the first time" (np. It was the first time I had been to Scotland. - To był pierwszy raz kiedy byłam w Szkocji.);

Podmiot + had + III forma czasownika + reszta zdania

Typowe okoliczniki czasu

• since - od + określony moment w przeszłości (np. od poniedziałku - since Monday);

• for - od + okres czasu (np. przez 2 lata - for two years).